The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an unprecedented burden on healthcare workers (HCWs) worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the current evidence on the prevalence and severity of mental health problems among HCWs during the pandemic.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) from December 2019 to June 2021. Studies reporting on the prevalence of anxiety, depression, stress, burnout, or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in HCWs were included. Random-effects models were used to pool prevalence estimates.
Results: A total of 127 studies involving 158,432 participants were included. The pooled prevalence rates were as follows: anxiety (34.4%, 95% CI: 30.8–38.2%), depression (31.8%, 95% CI: 28.5–35.3%), stress (40.3%, 95% CI: 36.1–44.7%), burnout (45.1%, 95% CI: 40.2–50.1%), and PTSD (22.1%, 95% CI: 18.9–25.6%). Nurses and frontline workers reported significantly higher levels of psychological distress compared to other HCWs.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound negative impact on the mental health of HCWs. Urgent and sustained interventions are needed to support their psychological well-being.