The History of the 'Aqīqa and the Introduction of Shīʿism in Yemen
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The History of the 'Aqīqa and the Introduction of Shīʿism in Yemen
MATHIEU TILLIER
Université Paris-Sorbonne
This article examines the history of the ‘aqīqa (the sacrifice of a sheep on the occasion of a child’s birth) in Yemen. It shows that this ritual was introduced by the Zaydīs in the ninth century C.E., as part of their efforts to spread their doctrine among the local population.
The study is based on a variety of sources, including hadith collections, legal treatises, and historical chronicles. These sources provide valuable insights into the development of Islamic law and practice in Yemen during the early medieval period.
By analyzing these texts, we can trace the evolution of the ‘aqīqa ritual from its origins in pre-Islamic Arabia to its adoption and adaptation by Muslim communities in Yemen. This process reflects broader trends in the Islamization of Arabian society and the integration of local customs into Islamic religious practices.
Furthermore, the article explores how the introduction of the ‘aqīqa contributed to the consolidation of Zaydī authority in Yemen. By promoting this ritual, the Zaydīs were able to establish themselves as legitimate leaders within the community and gain support from various social groups.
In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of understanding the historical context of religious rituals in order to appreciate their significance for contemporary Muslim societies. The case of the ‘aqīqa in Yemen serves as an example of how local traditions can be transformed through interaction with global religious movements.